From a theoretical point of view, it has been stated that there is a considerable probability that some cultural aspects could affect managerial accounting. While this statement has a certain suppositional degree, we will try, through a literature review, to put to the test the importance of culture within managerial accounting. Several empirical approaches underline the existence of a powerful impact of the national culture on the managerial accounting systems. It is clear that the companies’ strategic objectives are often expressed in numerical terms, but they are chosen according to the culture. Because of the obvious pressures aimed to converge to international standardization, trying to understand different cultural bases of managerial accounting may be considered a paradox. All over the world, it seems that there are common interests to increase the use of similar practices of financial accounting. But, by taking a closer look, two tendencies may be pointed out: the acknowledgement of the importance of cultural influence and the threat of the globalization. At the end of this paper we conclude that every company must be aware of the cultural impact over managerial accounting and should not accept the globalization tendency by all means.